Jaume I the Conqueror and the Conquest of Mallorca

Catalan Mallorca
1229
On 3rd. September, the Catalan army, led by King Jaume I, landed at Santa Ponça and laid siege to the city. On 31st December, the king finally entered Medina Mayurqa through the Bab al Kofol Gate. Some 30,000 Moors escaped to the mountains but almost as many were massacred in the town. There were thousands of dead bodies that could not be buried so that an epidemic broke out among the conquerors causing many deaths. The nobles (by rank but obviously not by nature) were all for taking their loot and leaving rather than sharing it with their troops. This led to a revolt among the troops, and the division of spoils did not end until 30 April of the following year. This gave the Moors in the mountains time to organise their resistance. The Abu Yahya, however, took refuge in the Almudaina Palace and surrendered three months after the Conquest, whereupon he was brutally tortured until he died.




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1230
On his return to Catalonia, Jaume I appointed Bernat de Santa Eugénia as governor in his stead. He also gave orders for the Cathedral to be built and, on a subsequent visit, the castles of Pollença, Alaro and Santueri to defend his new realm.
c.1232
Approximate birth date of Ramon Llull, poet, writer, essayist, who was the first author of note to write his work in the Catalan language. Two opposing schools of thought - one considers him worthy of sainthood and the other to be a heretic. Modern research suggests he may have been the victim of thirteenth century intrigues.
1240
First documentary evidence of the Spanish Inquisition in Mallorca, introduced by Jaume in 1233 to prevent any vernacular translation of the Bible. The king was said to have been much influenced by his confessor, Ramon de Penyafort.
1276
Death of Jaume the Conqueror. Unfortunately his military astuteness did not extend to his political awareness and he divided his kingdom between his two sons, Pere the Great of Aragon and Jaume II of Mallorca. This was the beginning of the briefly independent Kingdom of Mallorca.
1285
Alfons III, son of Pere the Great, seized power and his uncle was forced to flee the Island.
1295
The successor of Alfons III returned the kingdom to Jaume II and this was the start of a prosperous reign which saw the foundation of 11 towns, the building of Bellver Castle and reforms to the Almudaina Palace.
1311
Jaume II died and was succeeded by his son Sanç who enlarged the fleet and built a palace in Valldemossa.
1324
Jaume III, nephew of Sanç, and only nine years old, became king. The Consolat de Mar was established on the Island.
1343
However, Pere IV of Aragon (successor to Alfons IV), known as the Ceremonious, revived his predecessor's ambition of taking over the Kingdom of Mallorca and Jaume III was forced to flee to Rosselló.
1349
Jaume III returned with a small troop to regain his kingdom. Unfortunately, he was defeated and killed at the Battle of Llucmajor and although his successor Jaume IV attempted to regain his father's realm, he was unsuccessful and this was the end of the independent Kingdom of Mallorca.