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Alfonso X the Learned. IV.
When his father, Ferdinand III died in 1252, his epitaph was carved in Latin, Spanish, Hebrew
and Arabic, Alfonso X continued in the same vein, leaving an extraordinary literary corpus;
Jewish, Christian and Moorish scholars were all honoured at his court.
As the first king to
use the Castilian language instead of Latin, he encouraged schools of research and translation,
thereby spreading the Arabic and Jewish cultures throughout Spain.
His Castilian translations
included the Bible, the Talmud, the Koran and the Kabbalah as well as Calila e Digna
Arabic tales translated, in their turn, from the unimaginably ancient tales of the Hindu Panchatantral; fables where the animals behave as humans, unlike Aesop’s fables where they behave as animals
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